Child labor is a long-lasting global problem in less-developed countries, which limits education outcomes and affects human capital development, and prolongs poverty. As a multi-causal problem, contextual differences play a major role in its difficulty to be eradicated. This paper employs novel child labor primary data collected across seven very different countries with the objective of measuring the association between socio-economic context and child labor and education status. The research objectives aim to explore how family income and education of the head of the household correlates with school, labor, and health outcomes. The findings suggest that income is the main predictor of child labor for different vulnerable groups across the globe. Our results also show evidence of no other consistent relationships between socioeconomic status and education and child labor outcomes, highlighting the importance of crafting tailored child labor policy based on idiosyncratic factors.