Patients seeking medical care outside their home country continues to be an ongoing trend especially given the escalating costs of medical care in many countries. A systematic literature review was completed to discover factors that encourage medical tourism, specifically in Malaysia. At the conclusion of the literature review, information from eleven articles were studied and four common themes were revealed as factors influencing medical tourism in Malaysia including: (1) impact on the quality of care; (2) attractiveness; (3) cost of healthcare services; and (4) marketing. While cost of healthcare services was found to be the most influential factor, quality of care was also noted to be a significant factor. The systematic literature review creates an opportunity to explore the topics associated with medical tourism in Malaysia and other countries.